Zone 8a planting calendar
In USDA hardiness zone 8a, the average last spring frost is around March 20 and the average first fall frost around November 12: a growing season of about 237 days. Here is when to start seeds, plant, and harvest 157 vegetables, fruits, herbs, and flowers.
Zones measure winter cold, not frost dates, so these are regional averages. Frost-tender crops wait until about April 3, when a late frost is unlikely.
Vegetables
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Harvest | Plant for fall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amaranth (greens) | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 18 – Jul 27 | — |
| Artichoke | Jan 2 | Mar 13 – Mar 27 | Jul 1 – Aug 26 | — |
| Arugula | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Mar 27 – May 1 | Sep 24 – Oct 8 |
| Asparagus | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Mar 6 – May 1 (once established) | — |
| Beet | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 23 – Jun 4 | Sep 11 – Sep 25 |
| Bok choy | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 13 – May 11 | Sep 14 – Sep 28 |
| Broccoli | Jan 16 | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 28 – Jun 2 | Sep 6 – Sep 20 |
| Broccoli raab (rapini) | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 6 – May 4 | Sep 14 – Sep 28 |
| Brussels sprouts | Jan 23 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Jun 14 – Aug 9 | — |
| Cabbage | Jan 9 | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 1 – Jun 5 | Sep 3 – Sep 17 |
| Carrot | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 8 – Jun 19 | Sep 3 – Sep 17 |
| Cauliflower | Jan 23 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 10 – Jun 7 | Aug 25 – Sep 8 |
| Celeriac | Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jul 15 – Aug 26 | — |
| Celery | Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jul 5 – Aug 30 | — |
| Cherry tomato | Feb 13 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 2 – Sep 8 | — |
| Collard greens | Jan 9 | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 21 – Jul 28 | Sep 27 – Oct 11 |
| Cucamelon | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Sep 4 | — |
| Cucumber | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 28 – Jul 16 | — |
| Daikon radish | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 28 – Jun 2 | Sep 6 – Sep 20 |
| Dry beans | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 7 – Aug 11 | — |
| Edamame | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 27 – Jul 25 | — |
| Eggplant | Feb 6 | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jun 24 – Sep 2 | — |
| Endive / escarole | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 30 – Jul 4 | Aug 12 – Aug 26 |
| Fava beans | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | May 2 – Jun 6 | — |
| Garlic | — | Nov 5 – Nov 26 (fall) | May 25 – Jun 15 next year | — |
| Green beans (bush) | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 28 – Jul 9 | — |
| Horseradish | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Nov 12 – Dec 24 | — |
| Hot pepper | Jan 30 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Sep 4 | — |
| Kale | Jan 9 | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 16 – Jul 9 | Oct 2 – Oct 16 |
| Kohlrabi | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 11 – May 9 | Sep 9 – Sep 23 |
| Leeks | Dec 26 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Jun 24 – Sep 2 | — |
| Lettuce | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 6 – May 18 | Sep 14 – Sep 28 |
| Lima beans | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 22 – Aug 3 | — |
| Mâche (corn salad) | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | Mar 28 – May 9 | Oct 21 – Nov 4 |
| Malabar spinach | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Sep 4 | — |
| Mizuna | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 1 – May 13 | Sep 26 – Oct 10 |
| Mustard greens | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 1 – May 13 | Sep 26 – Oct 10 |
| Napa cabbage | Jan 30 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 15 – Jun 12 | Aug 20 – Sep 3 |
| Okra | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jun 9 – Sep 1 | — |
| Onion (sets) | — | Feb 13 – Feb 27 | May 24 – Jun 28 | — |
| Onion (transplants) | Dec 12 | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 31 – Jul 5 | — |
| Parsnip | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Jul 4 – Aug 29 | — |
| Peanuts | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Aug 1 – Aug 29 | — |
| Peas | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | Apr 7 – May 12 | Aug 23 – Sep 6 |
| Pepper | Jan 30 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 17 – Sep 9 | — |
| Pole beans | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | — |
| Popcorn | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 12 – Aug 9 | — |
| Potato | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 28 – Jul 2 | — |
| Pumpkin | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 17 – Aug 21 | — |
| Radicchio | Jan 30 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 25 – Jun 29 | Aug 17 – Aug 31 |
| Radish | — | Feb 13 – Feb 27 | Mar 10 – Apr 7 | Oct 4 – Oct 18 |
| Rhubarb | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Mar 20 – May 29 (once established) | — |
| Rutabaga | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Jun 4 – Jul 16 | Aug 14 – Aug 28 |
| Scallions | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 21 – Jun 30 | Sep 6 – Sep 20 |
| Shallots | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 31 – Jul 5 | — |
| Snap peas | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | Apr 12 – May 17 | Aug 18 – Sep 1 |
| Sorrel | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 21 – Sep 22 | — |
| Southern peas (cowpeas) | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Jul 31 | — |
| Spinach | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | Mar 18 – Apr 29 | Oct 3 – Oct 17 |
| Sunchoke (Jerusalem artichoke) | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Nov 12 – Jan 21 | — |
| Sweet corn | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 17 – Jul 15 | — |
| Sweet potato | Feb 27 | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jul 19 – Aug 16 | — |
| Swiss chard | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Apr 30 – Aug 20 | Sep 11 – Sep 25 |
| Tatsoi | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 6 – May 18 | Sep 28 – Oct 12 |
| Tomatillo | Feb 13 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 17 – Aug 26 | — |
| Tomato | Feb 13 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Sep 4 | — |
| Turnip | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 11 – May 16 | Sep 16 – Sep 30 |
| Winter squash | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 7 – Aug 11 | — |
| Zucchini / Summer squash | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 23 – Aug 1 | — |
Fruit
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Harvest | Plant for fall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple tree | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Sep 3 – Oct 22 (once established) | — |
| Apricot tree | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Jun 5 – Jun 26 (once established) | — |
| Blackberry | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 (once established) | — |
| Blueberry | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 22 – Jul 3 (once established) | — |
| Cantaloupe | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jun 29 – Aug 3 | — |
| Cherry tree (sweet) | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 15 – Jun 5 (once established) | — |
| Currant | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 29 – Jun 26 (once established) | — |
| Elderberry | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Jul 3 – Aug 7 (once established) | — |
| Fig | — | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Sep 3 – Oct 29 (once established) | — |
| Gooseberry | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 29 – Jun 26 (once established) | — |
| Grape | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Sep 17 – Oct 29 (once established) | — |
| Ground cherry | Feb 13 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Aug 21 | — |
| Honeyberry (haskap) | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | May 8 – May 29 (once established) | — |
| Honeydew | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jul 14 – Aug 18 | — |
| Meyer lemon | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Oct 15 – Jan 7 (once established) | — |
| Peach tree | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Jun 26 – Aug 7 (once established) | — |
| Pear tree | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Aug 20 – Oct 8 (once established) | — |
| Plum tree | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Jun 26 – Jul 24 (once established) | — |
| Raspberry (fall-bearing) | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Oct 1 – Nov 12 | — |
| Raspberry (summer) | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 22 – Jun 26 (once established) | — |
| Strawberry (everbearing) | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 28 – Sep 3 | — |
| Strawberry (June-bearing) | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 17 – May 15 (once established) | — |
| Watermelon | — | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jul 4 – Aug 8 | — |
Herbs
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Harvest | Plant for fall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basil | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 3 – Aug 9 | — |
| Borage | — | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 14 – Aug 6 | — |
| Cannabis auto | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 22 – Jul 20 | Jul 27 – Aug 10 |
| Cannabis regular | Mar 6 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Aug 26 – Sep 30 | — |
| Catnip | Jan 23 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 5 – Sep 8 | — |
| Chamomile | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 5 – Jul 14 | — |
| Chervil | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 18 – May 30 | Sep 9 – Sep 23 |
| Chives | Jan 2 | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 28 – Sep 29 | — |
| Cilantro | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | Apr 13 – May 18 | Sep 14 – Sep 28 |
| Dill | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 18 – Jul 13 | — |
| Fennel (bulb) | — | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | Aug 10 – Aug 24 |
| Garlic chives | Jan 9 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 25 – Sep 28 | — |
| Lavender | Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jun 25 – Aug 6 | — |
| Lemon balm | Jan 23 | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 19 – Sep 22 | — |
| Lemongrass | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 2 – Sep 10 | — |
| Lovage | Jan 9 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 25 – Sep 28 | — |
| Marjoram | Jan 30 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jun 5 – Sep 11 | — |
| Mint | — | Mar 13 – Mar 27 | Apr 12 – Sep 13 | — |
| Oregano | Jan 23 | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 19 – Sep 22 | — |
| Parsley | Jan 9 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 15 – Sep 18 | — |
| Rosemary | — | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | May 11 – Oct 12 | — |
| Sage | Jan 23 | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | Jun 3 – Oct 7 | — |
| Stevia | Feb 6 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 2 – Sep 10 | — |
| Summer savory | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 2 – Aug 11 | — |
| Tarragon (French) | — | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | May 26 – Sep 1 | — |
| Thai basil | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 2 – Sep 8 | — |
| Thyme | Jan 23 | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 29 – Oct 2 | — |
Flowers
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Harvest | Plant for fall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bachelor's button | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 26 – Jul 5 | — |
| Begonia | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 18 – Nov 12 | — |
| Black-eyed Susan | Jan 16 | Mar 13 – Mar 27 | Jun 11 – Sep 3 | — |
| Calendula | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Apr 25 – Aug 1 | Sep 9 – Sep 23 |
| Coleus | Jan 23 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 23 – Nov 12 | — |
| Coneflower (echinacea) | — | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | Jun 18 – Sep 10 | — |
| Cosmos | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 17 – Sep 9 | — |
| Daffodil | — | Oct 15 – Nov 19 (fall) | Feb 20 – Mar 20 next year | — |
| Dahlia | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 12 – Sep 20 | — |
| Daylily | — | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 29 – Jul 24 | — |
| Geranium | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 18 – Nov 12 | — |
| Gladiolus | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | — |
| Hosta | — | Mar 20 – Apr 3 | May 29 – Jul 24 | — |
| Impatiens | Jan 23 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 23 – Nov 12 | — |
| Marigold | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 23 – Sep 12 | — |
| Milkweed | — | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jun 25 – Sep 3 | — |
| Nasturtium | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 28 – Sep 3 | — |
| Pansy / viola | Dec 12 | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 6 – Jun 15 | Sep 14 – Sep 28 |
| Peony | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Apr 24 – May 15 (once established) | — |
| Petunia | Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | May 16 – Nov 19 | — |
| Phacelia | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | Apr 20 – Jun 15 | — |
| Rose | — | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 8 – Aug 21 | — |
| Salvia (ornamental) | Jan 16 | Mar 27 – Apr 10 | Jun 5 – Nov 19 | — |
| Snapdragon | Jan 9 | Mar 6 – Mar 20 | May 25 – Aug 17 | — |
| Strawflower | Feb 20 | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jul 2 – Sep 24 | — |
| Sunflower | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | — |
| Sweet alyssum | Jan 30 | Mar 13 – Mar 27 | May 2 – Sep 5 | — |
| Sweet pea (flower) | — | Feb 6 – Feb 20 | Apr 22 – Jun 17 | — |
| Tulip | — | Oct 22 – Nov 26 (fall) | Mar 13 – Apr 17 next year | — |
| Vinca (periwinkle) | Jan 16 | Apr 10 – Apr 24 | Jun 9 – Nov 12 | — |
| Zinnia | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Sep 4 | — |
Cover crops
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Harvest | Plant for fall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | — | Sep 24 – Oct 15 (fall) | Apr 10 – May 8 next year | — |
| Buckwheat | — | Apr 3 – Apr 17 | May 8 – Jun 5 | — |
| Cereal rye (winter rye) | — | Oct 8 – Nov 19 (fall) | Apr 10 – May 8 next year | — |
| Crimson clover | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 21 – May 26 | Sep 13 – Sep 27 |
| Hairy vetch | — | Sep 24 – Oct 22 (fall) | Apr 24 – May 22 next year | — |
| Oats (cover crop) | — | Feb 20 – Mar 6 | Apr 21 – May 26 | Sep 6 – Sep 20 |
| White clover | — | Feb 27 – Mar 13 | May 8 – Jul 17 | Aug 6 – Aug 20 |
Frost dates in zone 8a
- Average last spring frost
- March 20
- Safe for frost-tender plants
- April 3
- Average first fall frost
- November 12
- Growing season
- About 237 days
Your own dates can be a few weeks either side, depending on elevation, nearby water, and whether you're in a city or a low frost pocket.
States with zone 8a
Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, D.C., Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia
Month by month
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December
